This covers the fundamental principles  of digital circuits and logic design students  learn about logic gates, Boolean, algebra, flip-flops, registers, counters ,and other digital components.

this involve studying the design and organization of computer systems including the CPU(central processing unit),memory, hierarchy, input/output systems, and system buses  

Students learn about the architecture, programming, and interfacing of microprocessors and microcontrollers. This includes understanding assembly language programming, memory interfacing, and peripheral devices.

Analog electronics deals with continuous signals and circuits, including topics such as amplifiers ,oscillators, filters, and analog – to-digital and digital-to- analog converters.  

Embedded systems are specialized computing systems designed to perform specific functions within larger systems.This course covers topics such as embedded systems design, real-time-operating systems,  and hardware/software integration. 

Very large scale Intergration(VLSI) design involve the design and fabrication of integrated circuits (ics) containing millions of transistors.Students learn about CMOS technology ,IC design methodologies,and CAD tool for VLSI design.

This covers the principles and protocols of computer networking, including such as TCP/IP, Ethernet, wireless networks, and network security.

Digital signal processing(DSP) involves the analysis, manupolation, and interpretation of digital signals.Students learn about techniques for filtering,modulation, compression, and other signal processing taks.

This course covers techniques for verifying and testing hardware designs to ensure they meet specifications and reqiuements.Topics inlude simulation, testing, nethodologies, hardware description languages.

Many hardware engineering courses include project-based learning experiences where students work on hands-on projects design, implements and test hardware systems or components.